Frequency of symptoms of depression, general anxiety, obsessive - compulsive and phobia in interictal phase in patients with Epilepsy

The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of symptoms of depressions, general anxiety, obsessive compulsive and phobia in interictal phase among patients suffering from epilepsy. This cross sectional observational study was performed on 137 outpatients referred to neurology clinic of Imam Hossein hospital in 2004. all patients were in the interictal phase. Demographic and epilepsy variables and a questionnaire including items asking about depression, general anxiety, obsessive compulsive and phobia of SCL-90-R [symptoms chick list-90-revised] was completed. Relative frequency of depression, general anxiety, obsessive compulsive, and phobia was 55.4%, 44.9% ,55.8% and 23.2%, respectively. Phobia symptoms were associated with lower educational level [p=0.029], unemployment [p=0.013] and older age [-p=0.013]. The symptoms of obsessive compulsive [p=0.041] and general anxiety [p=0.044] were associated with older age. Different psychiatric symptoms were not correlated with sex, amount of drug use, marital status and the duration of the disease or type of epilepsy. Our findings highlighted that depression and obsessive compulsive symptoms in the first grade and general anxiety and phobia in the second grade are among the causes of morbidity among epileptic patients. Psychiatric symptoms are suspected to be higher in older, unemployed, and less educated epileptic patients. A close cooperation between neurologists and psychiatrists is necessary in the approach to the patients with epilepsies

[ assocciation of urologic symptoms and prostate specific antigen among outpatients in clinic of urology and controls]

Background: The main objective of this study was to determine the assocciation of abnormal urologic symptoms and prostate specific antigen [PSA] in outpatients in urology clinic and controls

Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 240 men over 50 year of age, was studied. Cases including 120 outpatients in urology clinic at Clinical Hospital in Shahrekord and controls including 120 non patients, entered to our study. Urologic symptoms were assessed by using American Urological Association [AUA] symptom index in the patients. PSA was measured as well. Two groups were matched as age, marital status, history of cancer, but not by cigarette smoking, history of benign prostate hyper trophy and vasectomy

Results: Abnormal symptoms was seen in 61 patients [50.8%] in case group and 41 patients [34.2%] in control group [p<0.009]. 21 patients [17.5%] in case group and 10 patients [8.3%] in control group had PSA > 4 ng/ml [p=0.034]

Conclusion: This study showed that abnormal PSA was associated with abnormal symptoms in case group, but not in control group. The results remind the benefit of Screening by PSA in normal populations, where can detect asymptomatic patients with increased PSA

[ assocciation of urologic symptoms and prostate specific antigen among outpatients in clinic of urology and controls]

Background: The main objective of this study was to determine the assocciation of abnormal urologic symptoms and prostate specific antigen [PSA] in outpatients in urology clinic and controls

Materials and Methods: In this case control study, 240 men over 50 year of age, was studied. Cases including 120 outpatients in urology clinic at Clinical Hospital in Shahrekord and controls including 120 non patients, entered to our study. Urologic symptoms were assessed by using American Urological Association [AUA] symptom index in the patients. PSA was measured as well. Two groups were matched as age, marital status, history of cancer, but not by cigarette smoking, history of benign prostate hyper trophy and vasectomy

Results: Abnormal symptoms was seen in 61 patients [50.8%] in case group and 41 patients [34.2%] in control group [p<0.009]. 21 patients [17.5%] in case group and 10 patients [8.3%] in control group had PSA>4 ng/ml[p=0.034]

Conclusion: This study showed that abnormal PSA was associated with abnormal symptoms in case group, but not in control group. The results remind the benefit of Screening by PSA in normal populations, where can detect asymptomatic patients with increased PSA